《植物生理学报》 2015, 51(8): 1217-1234

光质对植物生长发育的影响

许大全^1,*, 高伟², 阮军³

¹中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所, 上海200032; ²北京半导体照明科技促进中心/半导体照明联合创新国家重点实验室, 北京100083; ³常州市武进区半导体照明应用技术研究院, 江苏常州213161

通信作者：许大全；E-mail: dqxu@sippe.ac.cn；Tel: 021-54155972

摘　要：

1943年Emerson和Lewis报告小球藻光合量子效率对光波长的依赖以来数十年中, 人们对植物生长发育的光质(波长或光谱构成)效应进行了大量研究, 出版了不少关于蓝光或紫外辐射等单色辐射生物学效应的综述文章和论文集, 可是迄今还没有见到同时涉及多种光质效应的综述文章和书籍。这篇综述简要介绍红、蓝、黄、绿等多种光和红外、紫外辐射的植物生物学效应、生物化学机制和实际应用等方面的主要研究进展, 提出一些需要回答的问题, 以便认识不同光质效应的分子机制、推广发光二极管(light-emitting diode, LED)新型光源和提高作物产量及品质。

关键词：波长; 发光二极管; 光质; 光合作用; 生物化学机制; 生长发育; 作用光谱

收稿：2015-05-12   修定：2015-07-20

资助：国家国际科技合作专项(2015DFG52110)和常州市重大公共技术平台建设项目(CZ2013001)。

Effects of Light Quality on Plant Growth and Development

XU Da-Quan^1,*, Gao Wei², Ruan Jun³

¹Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; ²Beijing Solid State Lighting Science & Technology Promotion Center/State Key Laboratory of Solid State Lighting, Beijing 100083, China; ³Changzhou Institute of Technology Research for Solid State Lighting, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213161, China

Corresponding author: XU Da-Quan; E-mail: dqxu@sippe.ac.cn; Tel: 021-54155972

Abstract:

Since Emerson and Lewis reported the dependence of quantum yield of Chlorella photosynthesis on wavelength of light in 1943, there have been many studies on effects of light quality (wavelength or spectrum composition) on plant growth and development, and published some reviews and books about biological effects of single color such as blue light or ultraviolet radiation. However, so far there has been no review or book introducing simultaneously the effects of many kind lights and irradiations on plants. This review briefly discusses the research progress in plant biological effects of many kind lights including red, blue, yellow and green colors as well as infrared and ultraviolet radiations, biochemical mechanisms of these effects and their practical applications, and suggests some questions to be answered in order to understand the molecular mechanisms for different light quality effects, spread the LEDs as new light sources, and improve crop yield and quality.

Key words: action spectra; light-emitting diose (LED); light quality; photosynthesis; biochemical mechanism; growth and development; wavelength